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ALD SA (AYV) fair value: what the stock is really worth

We calculate from audited financials what ALD SA is really worth. The fair value tells you whether the price is too high or too low, the quality score (0 to 100) how solid the business behind it is. 26 models, 37 quality factors, updated daily.

  1. Fair value above price? Yes
  2. Good quality? No
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Industrials · FR · ISIN FR0013258662

AS Broad data Sep 18, 2026

ALD SA

AYV · PA

Cheap, value-trap riskThe stock looks deeply undervalued, but low quality raises value-trap risk.

Fair value €25.90 · Strongly undervalued (+152%)
!Quality 32/100
!Expensive Growth (revenue 5y +20.6 %/yr)
!Thin margins · 4.2% net margin (TTM)
!High debt · negative free cash flow
!Mixed vs. peers (7/13)
!Narrow moat 41/100

What runs behind every stock

69 individual criteria per stock, every one traceable See the method →

Price vs Fair Value

€12.07 €4.32 Fair Value €25.90 Jul 2021 Sep 2026

White line = price, green steps = our fair value per fiscal year, dashed = 300-day average. As of Sep 18, 2026.

How to read this chart

60‑month range €4.32 – €12.07 · fair‑value band €15.01 – €32.38 · the €10.26 price screens below the €25.90 fair value. Green steps = our fair value per fiscal year (point-in-time, no hindsight). Dashed = 300-day average. As of Sep 18, 2026.

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Company profile

Ayvens provides service leasing and vehicle fleet management services in the France, Rest of Europe, Latin America, Asia, and internationally. Its products and services include full-service leasing, fleet management, mobility solutions, consultancy services, car auctions, and sale or lease back for fleet managers and drivers.

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Ayvens provides service leasing and vehicle fleet management services in the France, Rest of Europe, Latin America, Asia, and internationally. Its products and services include full-service leasing, fleet management, mobility solutions, consultancy services, car auctions, and sale or lease back for fleet managers and drivers. The company was formerly known as ALD S.A. and changed its name to Ayvens in May 2024. Ayvens was incorporated in 1998 and is headquartered in Puteaux, France. Ayvens operates as a subsidiary of Société Générale Société anonyme.

Stock analysis

ALD SA (AYV) currently trades at €10.26, while our model-based Fair Value estimate is €25.90, implying the stock looks roughly 60.4% undervalued today.

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Valuation

Bull case: the Growth Earnings group reads highest at a median of €27.73 per share, and 12 of the 13 models we run sit above the €10.26 price.

Bear case: the Asset-Based group reads lowest at €9.42, and 1 of the 13 models stay below the price. Evidence for this calculation is high.

Scenario range: €15.01 (bear) to €32.38 (bull), the price of €10.26 sits below it. Bear and bull are the same models on cautious and optimistic assumptions, a range, not a price target.

Quality & growth

The Quality Score stands at 32/100 (below-average quality), in the Industrials sector.

Expensive Growth: The company is growing, but growth may require heavy reinvestment or weak cash conversion.

ALD SA reported revenue of €25.2B in FY2025 versus €10.4B in FY2021, a compound +24.6%/yr. Reported net income was €923M in FY2025, compounding +1.4%/yr from FY2021.

Key figures

Market cap €8.6B · P/E ratio 9.2 · P/S ratio 0.34 · EPS (TTM) €1.11 · Dividend yield 7.0% · Net margin 3.7% · Return on equity 9.3% · Return on assets (EBIT) 3.4%.

Competitive moat

Our AI-assisted moat analysis scores the competitive advantage at 44 out of 100 (low confidence).

What moves the price

The share trades about 14% below its 52-week high and 30% above its 52-week low, currently below its 200-day average.

For context, the median of 10 Industrials peers we cover trades at −9% fair-value upside, at 152%, AYV screens cheaper than that median.

Fair Value models

Bear €15.01 Fair Value €25.90 Bull €32.38
Model Each model values the company its own way (discounted cash flow, earnings, assets, dividends). The fair value above is their evidence-weighted blend, not the output of a single model. Based on fiscal year 2025 figures (about 9 months old). Earnings retained since then (€0.8059 per share) are deliberately not added. Bear Bear = the cautious scenario: the same model computed with conservative anchors (lower growth, margins and valuation multiples). Together with Bull it frames a plausible valuation range, not a price target.BaseBull Bull = the optimistic scenario: the same model computed with favourable anchors (higher growth, margins and valuation multiples). Together with Bear it frames a plausible valuation range, not a price target. Evidence Evidence = how well-backed THIS model's estimate is for this stock (0–100): how complete and reliable its input data are, and how well the model fits the company. The final Fair Value is an evidence-weighted blend, so better-evidenced models count more. Green ≥70, amber 50–69, grey below 50.
Highest evidence
Residual Income €11.74 €12.63 €14.17 76
EPV n/a n/a €0.3400 68
ROIC Compounder n/a n/a €0.3400 68
All 16 models by family
Earnings-Based
Graham-Dodd €8.01 €45.31 €62.97 63
Lynch FV €12.72 €18.17 €23.62 61
PEG = 1.0 €12.72 €18.17 €23.62 57
EPV n/a n/a €0.3400 68
Dividend Discount
Gordon GGM €7.07 €14.09 €21.34 67
DDM Multi-Stage €7.07 €12.18 €14.88 67
Multiples
P/E Multiple €19.43 €25.90 €32.38 63
P/S Multiple €15.01 €20.02 €25.02 58
P/B Multiple €15.01 €20.02 €25.02 55
EV/EBIT €13.92 €33.17 €52.42 62
EV/EBITDA €94.93 €141.19 €187.44 66
EV/Revenue n/a n/a €6.37 50
Asset-Based
NCAV (Graham) €7.03 €9.42 €14.05 54
Economic Profit
Residual Income €11.74 €12.63 €14.17 76
ROIC Compounder n/a n/a €0.3400 68
Growth Earnings
Growth-Adj P/E €19.41 €27.73 €36.05 67

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Quality Score breakdown

Overall quality 32/100

Of which business quality 32 · Market factors (momentum, volatility) 55

Profitability 24
Margins and returns on capital today
Quality Growth 73
Are margins and returns improving?
Cashflow 50
Earnings quality: real cash, not paper profit
Fin. Strength 6
Balance sheet, leverage, solvency risk
Investment 5
Disciplined investing over empire-building
Low Volatility 72
Calm price path (market factor)
Momentum 47
Price trend over the last 3–12 months (market factor)
52W Momentum 50
Distance to the 52-week high (market factor)
Net Issuance 41
Share count: buybacks or dilution?

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Revenue & earnings trend

Growth Quality Growth is valuable only when reinvestment earns attractive returns (Aswath Damodaran): sustainable growth depends on return on capital, reinvestment and efficiency. Basis: total company revenue over the periods shown on the cards (3Y/5Y/all years), not per share, so a merger can show up as a growth jump; per-share earnings growth is in the value-creation card. 46/100
The company is growing, but growth may require heavy reinvestment or weak cash conversion.
Revenue growth 1 year
−0.6%
Revenue growth 3 years Measures the company's TOTAL revenue from reported annual statements: compound average growth per year (CAGR) from the fiscal year 3, 5 or N years back to the most recent comparable fiscal year. Not per share: buybacks do not change this number, and a merger can appear as a growth jump. Per-share growth (which does include buybacks) is in the value-creation card.
+30.4%
Revenue growth 5 years Measures the company's TOTAL revenue from reported annual statements: compound average growth per year (CAGR) from the fiscal year 3, 5 or N years back to the most recent comparable fiscal year. Not per share: buybacks do not change this number, and a merger can appear as a growth jump. Per-share growth (which does include buybacks) is in the value-creation card.
+20.6%
Revenue growth 9 years Measures the company's TOTAL revenue from reported annual statements: compound average growth per year (CAGR) from the fiscal year 3, 5 or N years back to the most recent comparable fiscal year. Not per share: buybacks do not change this number, and a merger can appear as a growth jump. Per-share growth (which does include buybacks) is in the value-creation card.
+15.6%
What shareholders gained per year (last 5 years) What the business itself delivers per year: earnings growth per share plus the dividend yield. This is what you get IF the market keeps valuing the stock the same way: it contains no assumption about the market changing its mind. Computed per share, so buybacks count and a merger does not pass as growth. For a company that pays no dividend it is pure earnings growth per share. Period: earnings growth per share as CAGR over the last 5 reported fiscal years (annual statements), plus the current dividend yield. The start value is the median of the three years around the start, so a single crisis year (a pandemic or a write-down) does not distort the rate.
+4.2%
Earnings growth per share plus dividend.
Earnings per share, growth per year−2.8%
Dividend (yield on the price)7.0%
Pace: 5 vs 10 years Two data points, not a trend model: earnings growth per share over the last 5 fiscal years against the last 10. Labelled "steady" when both rates are within 3 percentage points of each other, otherwise picking up or flattening. Shown only when ten years of history exist.−3% vs 0%, steady
Profit margin 2020 to 2025 Operating margin then vs now, from reported annual statements. A falling margin after a boom year is the classic peak-earnings signal: the growth rate then leans on an inflated base.6% → 13%

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Peer GroupHow this stock ranks against its industry: the green marker is this stock, the band is the typical 25–75% peer range, and the tick is the median.Rental & Leasing Services · 94 stocks

Beats the industry median on 6/13 measures
A mixed picture versus its industry peers.
Valuation
Quality Score 32 · Bottom 25%
Fair Value upside +134% · Top 25%
Profitability
Return on equity (TTM) 9% · Above median
Return on assets 3% · Below median
Net margin (TTM) 4% · Below median
Operating margin (TTM) 13% · Above median
Growth and dividend
Revenue growth −2% · Below median
Dividend yield (TTM) 7.0% · Top 25%
Balance sheet
Debt / equity 3.30× · Highest 25%

Valuation Multiplesvs Rental & Leasing Services median · lower = cheaper

P/E (TTM) 9.2× · Cheaper than median
P/B 0.96× · Pricier than median
P/S (TTM) 0.42× · Cheaper than median
EV/EBITDA 13.6× · Priciest 25%

Strength profile in five axes (Snowflake)

VALUEFUTUREPASTHEALTHDIVIDEND
This stock
VALUEFUTUREPASTHEALTHDIVIDEND
Sector peers
VALUE (fair-value potential)100 · sector 59
FUTURE (revenue growth)0 · sector 28
PAST (return on equity)37 · sector 26
HEALTH (low debt)0 · sector 67
DIVIDEND (yield)100 · sector 45

Context: sector, industry, market

Values & ESG

Does this company touch areas you may want to avoid? The classification is inferred from sector and industry.

None of the checked exposures detected

Similar stocks

10 more Rental & Leasing Services stocks, each showing price versus our Fair Value estimate.

Stock Price Fair Value vs Fair Value
United Rentals, Inc URI $989.13 $367.77 −63%
Sunbelt Rentals Holdings SUNB $72.35 $65.76 −9%
AerCap Holdings AER $142.21 $301.51 +112%
U-Haul Holding UHAL $63.32 $7.57 −88%
Ryder System, Inc R $237.96 $99.68 −58%
Element Fleet Management Corp EFN C$24.80 C$21.07 −15%
BOC Aviation Limited 2588 HK$71.60 HK$146.01 +104%
GATX Corporation GATX $177.63 $128.33 −28%
Avis Budget Group CAR $115.24 $158.94 +38%
WillScot Holdings WSC $18.31 $43.19 +136%

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Cite: Fair Value Calculator (2026). "ALD SA Fair Value". https://www.fairvalue-calculator.com/stock/AYV

Frequently asked questions

Is ALD SA (AYV) overvalued or undervalued?
As of Sep 18, 2026, our model estimates a fair value of €25.90 versus a price of €10.26, about +152% upside (undervalued).
What is the fair value of AYV?
Our model-based fair value for ALD SA is €25.90 (as of Sep 18, 2026), built from audited fundamentals. The current price: €10.26.
What is the quality score of AYV?
ALD SA has a Quality Score of 32/100. It measures business quality (profitability, growth, cash flow, balance-sheet strength, investment discipline, share issuance). Market factors such as price momentum and volatility do not enter the number; they are shown separately in the detail view.
What is the price target for ALD SA (AYV)?
Our model-based price target is the fair value of €25.90 (as of Sep 18, 2026) from 16 valuation models. Cautious scenario €15.01, optimistic scenario €32.38. It is a calculation from audited fundamentals, not an analyst target.
What is the ALD SA stock forecast for 2026?
Our models put fair value at €25.90, about +152% upside versus a price of €10.26 (undervalued). Cautious scenario €15.01, optimistic scenario €32.38. The calculation is refreshed regularly with new filings.
What is the revenue of ALD SA (AYV)?
ALD SA reported trailing-twelve-month revenue of about €25.0B (latest available figure, as of Sep 18, 2026).
Does ALD SA pay a dividend?
ALD SA currently shows a dividend yield of about 6.95% relative to its recent price (as of Sep 18, 2026).
What is the intrinsic value of ALD SA (AYV)?
Intrinsic value and fair value mean the same thing: what the business is worth on its numbers, independent of the share price. For ALD SA it is €25.90 per share (as of Sep 18, 2026), against a price of €10.26. It is the blended result of 16 valuation models (cash flow, earnings, asset, dividend).
Is ALD SA stock overvalued or undervalued in 2026?
As of Sep 18, 2026, AYV trades below its calculated fair value: price €10.26, fair value €25.90, a gap of about +152% (undervalued). The calculation is refreshed with each new quarterly report, so the verdict can change during the year.
Is fair value the same as the market price of AYV?
No. The price is what the market pays today (€10.26); the fair value is what the company's own numbers justify (€25.90). For ALD SA the two are €15.64 per share apart. That gap is exactly why we show both numbers side by side.
How much is ALD SA worth?
The market values ALD SA at about €8.6B (market capitalisation, as of Sep 18, 2026). Per share that is €10.26; our models calculate a fair value of €25.90 per share.
What do the bullish and bearish scenarios say about AYV?
Our models span a range for ALD SA: cautious scenario €15.01, base €25.90, optimistic €32.38 per share (as of Sep 18, 2026, price €10.26). The range comes from different growth and margin assumptions, not from analyst opinions.
What is the P/E ratio of AYV?
ALD SA trades at a price-to-earnings ratio of 9.2 (as of Sep 18, 2026). A P/E on its own says little: it compares the price with ONE year of profit, while our fair value of €25.90 is built from several models across several years. Other multiples: P/B 1.0, P/S 0.4, EV/EBITDA 13.6.
How solid is the balance sheet of ALD SA (AYV)?
Balance-sheet figures for ALD SA (as of Sep 18, 2026): return on equity 9.3%, debt of 3.30 per unit of equity. They feed the Quality Score of 32/100, which measures business quality independently of the share price.
How far is AYV from its 52-week high?
ALD SA trades at €10.26, about 14% below its 52-week high of €11.97 and 30% above the low of €7.88 (as of Sep 18, 2026). Distance from the high says nothing about value: that is what the fair value of €25.90 is for.
Which stocks are comparable to ALD SA?
From the same area (Industrials) we also value United Rentals, Inc, Sunbelt Rentals Holdings, AerCap Holdings, U-Haul Holding, among others. Each of them has its own fair-value calculation on this site using the same models, so the comparison is like for like.
Is ALD SA stock attractive at the current price?
The data as of Sep 18, 2026: price €10.26, calculated fair value €25.90 (+152%), Quality Score 32/100, from 16 models. Whether that fits your horizon and risk tolerance is your call. We provide the calculation, not investment advice.
How is the fair value of AYV calculated?
We run ALD SA through 16 models from four families: discounted cash flow, earnings models, asset and balance-sheet models, and dividend models. Every model gets the same audited fundamentals; the result is the weighted average of €25.90, with the spread shown as a cautious and an optimistic scenario.
Is it still worth investing in stocks now?
The global stock market currently sits 16.1 % above its aggregate fair value. ALD SA currently trades 152 % below its own fair value, and the market average says nothing about that. An expensive market is no reason to stay out and no reason to buy everything at once: keep a broad savings plan running, buy single stocks only with money you can do without, and hold part of your money liquid while the market is high. The full picture including sectors is on is it worth investing now.
What is the share price of ALD SA (AYV)?
The closing price on Sep 21, 2026 was €10.26. Our model-based fair value is €25.90, about +152% upside (undervalued). We carry closing prices from our data provider, not a live tick.
What should I pay attention to with ALD SA right now?
The large discount to fair value meets weak quality (32/100). That raises the risk this is a value trap rather than a bargain. The price is below even our cautious bear case (€15.01). The market is more pessimistic than our downside scenario. A fairly wide model range (€15.01 to €32.38) leaves room in how you read the outcome.

Key figures of ALD SA

How large is the market capitalisation of ALD SA (AYV)?
The market capitalisation of ALD SA is €8.6B. The stock-market value of the whole company: share price times number of shares. It is what the market asks for the entire business today.
What is the P/S ratio of ALD SA (AYV)?
The price-to-sales ratio of ALD SA is 0.34 (P/E × margin). Price to sales: market value relative to yearly revenue. Useful when profit is thin or distorted.
What are the earnings per share of ALD SA (AYV)?
Earnings per share at ALD SA are €1.11 (price ÷ EPS = P/E 9.2). Earnings per share over the last twelve months: total profit spread across every single share.
What is the dividend yield of ALD SA (AYV)?
The dividend yield of ALD SA is 7.0% (payout 64.3%). Yearly dividend relative to the share price. 3% pays 3 per 100 invested. Below: how much of profit is used for it.
What is the net margin of ALD SA (AYV)?
The net margin of ALD SA is 3.7% (fiscal year 2025). How much of every unit of revenue ends up as profit. 10% means 10 cents of profit per dollar of sales.
What is the return on equity of ALD SA (AYV)?
The return on equity (ROE) of ALD SA is 9.3% (last twelve months). Profit relative to shareholders' equity, how efficiently the company works with its owners' money.
What is the EBIT return on assets of ALD SA (AYV)?
On an EBIT basis the return on assets of ALD SA is 3.4% (avg 5y). Operating profit (EBIT) relative to everything the company owns, as a multi-year average. It describes the business model rather than one good or bad year.
What is the operating margin of ALD SA (AYV)?
The operating margin of ALD SA is 12.5% (last twelve months). Profit from the core business (before interest and taxes) relative to revenue.
How fast is revenue growing at ALD SA (AYV)?
Revenue at ALD SA is growing −1.5% versus a year earlier (3y avg +30.4%). How much revenue grew versus a year earlier (YoY). The 3-year average next to it puts the single year in context.
How fast are earnings growing at ALD SA (AYV)?
Earnings per share at ALD SA are growing +29.2% versus a year earlier. How much earnings per share grew versus a year earlier.
How much free cash flow does ALD SA (AYV) generate?
The free cash flow of ALD SA is −€6.8B (fiscal year 2025). The cash truly left after running and investing in the business, this is what pays dividends and buybacks.
How much net debt does ALD SA (AYV) carry?
The net debt of ALD SA is €34.3B (fiscal year 2025). Debt minus cash on hand. The note shows how many years of free cash flow could in theory pay it off.
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